ATLANTA, Feb. 17, 2021 — Alexander Calder and Pablo Picasso are two of the foremost figures in the history of 20th-century art. The touring exhibition “Calder-Picasso,” which debuted at the Musée national Picasso-Paris and comes to the High Museum of Art this summer (June 26-Sept. 19), reveals the radical innovations and enduring influence of these two artists through more than 100 paintings, sculptures and works on paper spanning their careers.
Conceived by the artists’ grandsons, Bernard Ruiz–Picasso and Alexander S. C. Rower, and organized by the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, the exhibition focuses on the two artists’ exploration of the void, or the absence of space, which both artists defined from the figure through to abstraction. Calder and Picasso wanted to present or represent non-space, whether by giving definition to a subtraction of mass, as in Calder’s sculptures, or by expressing contortions of time, as in Picasso’s portraits. Calder’s early wire figures (“drawings in space”), paintings, drawings, and revolutionary nonobjective mobiles, stabiles and standing mobiles are integrated throughout the exhibition with profoundly inventive works by Picasso in every media. The juxtapositions are insightful and challenging, demonstrating the striking innovations by these great artists who ceaselessly reexamined their ideas about form, line and space.
“Calder and Picasso are among the most consequential artists of the 20th century,” said Rand Suffolk, the High’s Nancy and Holcombe T. Green, Jr., director. “Their work remains undeniably compelling, and although we’ve presented it separately on many occasions, this exhibition offers the chance to see it from a particularly unique perspective.”
The High’s Frances B. Bunzl Family Curator of European Art Claudia Einecke noted, “‘Calder-Picasso’ is not a pairing that springs to mind readily – personal contact between the two artists was minimal. And yet, their iconic sculptures, paintings and drawings, when seen side by side and across from each other, as they are in the exhibition, show strong conceptual and formal affinities. In fact, we might think of the exhibition as a kind of non-verbal version of the artistic conversation that Calder and Picasso, by all accounts, did not have in person.”
The exhibition is arranged in thematic sections that explore the concepts, constructions and creative processes connecting the artists’ work, as well as the rare but consequential times their lives intersected.
Calder and Picasso
Alexander Calder (American, 1898-1976) and Pablo Picasso (Spanish, 1881-1973) were both born in the late 19th century to fathers who were classically trained artists. Though their lives and work share many parallels, the two icons of modernism were not close, reportedly meeting only four times. They first met in April 1931 when Calder presented his first exhibition of nonobjective sculptures at Galerie Percier in Paris; Picasso arrived before the opening to introduce himself and view Calder’s works. Their paths crossed again in July 1937 at the Spanish Pavilion of the Exposition Internationale in Paris, where Calder’s “Mercury Fountain” was installed in front of Picasso’s “Guernica.” Each artist was later given a retrospective at the Museum of Modern Art in New York, Picasso in 1940 and Calder in 1943. Then, in the early 1950s, they crossed paths on the Côte d’Azur.
The Void and Non-Space
The exhibition takes an in-depth look at how both Calder and Picasso were captivated by the relationship of volume to space.
Calder explored the absence of mass in his sculptures, an approach that was entirely unprecedented. His figurative wire sculptures — or “drawings in space” — capture the vitality and energetic forces of their subjects and form transparent silhouettes, echoed by the shadows they project on the wall. In 1931, he invented an entirely new type of art — purely abstract sculptures that could be set in motion. Marcel Duchamp named them “mobiles,” which in French refers to both “motive” and “motion.” These works introduce the fourth dimension of time into three-dimensional space and redefine the traditional relationship between volume and the void.
Picasso’s exploration of non-space included experimentations with wire sculpture as well as figure paintings and sculptures simplified through abstract shapes and lines. He personalized his expressions of the void by exploring psychology and emotions, removing the interpersonal space between painter and subject, and by investigating mortality, like in the oil on canvas “Vanité” (1946) and a graveside sculpture he created for his friend, the poet Guillaume Apollinaire.
The following key works will be on view:
- “Acrobats” (ca. 1927) is one of several of Calder’s wire sculptures in the exhibition. The work’s expressive lines slice through space and define voids to create figures in motion.
- Picasso’s painting “Acrobat” (1930) shows the performer’s figure reduced to a fluid outline that is nonetheless expressive of dynamic movement and convincingly suggests a solid body acting in space.
- The High’s untitled Calder mobile (1947) is one of more than a dozen kinetic works in the exhibition that seem to sculpt volumes out of voids through their movement in space.
- “The Bull” (1945) is a series of 11 lithographs in which Picasso gradually reduced the figure of a bull from an illusionistic representation to a pure, simple outline that nonetheless retains the powerful animal’s force and physical essence.
- Despite the solid medium of Calder’s bronze “Dancer” (1944), the kinetic sculpture in four balanced sections conveys lightness and graceful movement as deftly as his mobiles.
- “Reclining Nude,” a 1932 painting by Picasso, turns void into volume through the interplay of sharp lines and lush color strokes that create effects of shading.
“Calder-Picasso” will be presented in the Cousins Special Exhibition Galleries on the second level of the High’s Wieland Pavilion.
This exhibition is curated by Ann Dumas, consulting curator, European art, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, based on an original curatorial work by Claire Garnier, Émilia Philippot, Rower and Ruiz-Picasso, who jointly curated the exhibition presented at the Musée national Picasso-Paris and the Museo Picasso Málaga.
Exhibition Catalogue
“Calder-Picasso” is accompanied by a fully illustrated catalogue published by Editions Skira Paris and authored by Alexander S. C. Rower, president of the Calder Foundation; Bernard Ruiz-Picasso, co-founder and co-president of the Fundación Almine y Bernard Ruiz-Picasso para el Arte (FABA); Laurent Le Bon, president of the Musée national Picasso, Paris; Claire Garnier, curator and collections director at the Musée national Picasso–Paris; and Émilia Philippot, head of collections at the Musée national Picasso-Paris. Additional authors include Donatien Grau, Jed Perl, Estrella de Diego, Jordana Mendelson and Chus Martinez.
Exhibition Organization and Support
“Calder-Picasso” is organized by the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston; de Young Museum, San Francisco; and the High Museum of Art, Atlanta, in partnership with the Calder Foundation, New York; Musée national Picasso-Paris (MnPP); and the Fundación Almine y Bernard Ruiz-Picasso para el Arte (FABA).
This exhibition is curated by Ann Dumas, consulting curator, European art, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, based on an original curatorial work by Claire Garnier, Émilia Philippot, Alexander S. C. Rower and Bernard Ruiz-Picasso, who jointly curated the exhibition presented at the Musée national Picasso-Paris and the Museo Picasso Málaga.
This exhibition is supported by an indemnity from the Federal Council on the Arts and the Humanities.
This exhibition is made possible by Premier Exhibition Series Sponsor Delta Air Lines, Inc.; Premiere Exhibition Series Supporters Sarah and Jim Kennedy, Dr. Joan H. Weens Estate, and wish foundation; Benefactor Exhibition Series Supporters Anne Cox Chambers Foundation and Robin and Hilton Howell; Ambassador Exhibition Series Supporters The Antinori Foundation, Corporate Environments, Louise Sams and Jerome Grilhot, and Elizabeth and Chris Willett; and Contributing Exhibition Series Supporters Farideh and Al Azadi, Sandra and Dan Baldwin, Lucinda W. Bunnen, Marcia and John Donnell, Helen C. Griffith, Mrs. Fay S. Howell/The Howell Fund, Mr. and Mrs. Baxter Jones, The Arthur R. and Ruth D. Lautz Charitable Foundation, Joel Knox and Joan Marmo, Margot and Danny McCaul, The Ron and Lisa Brill Family Charitable Trust, The Fred and Rita Richman Fund, In Memory of Elizabeth B. Stephens, USI Insurance Services, and Mrs. Harriet H. Warren. Generous support is also provided by the Alfred and Adele Davis Exhibition Endowment Fund, Anne Cox Chambers Exhibition Fund, Barbara Stewart Exhibition Fund, Dorothy Smith Hopkins Exhibition Endowment Fund, Eleanor McDonald Storza Exhibition Endowment Fund, The Fay and Barrett Howell Exhibition Fund, Forward Arts Foundation Exhibition Endowment Fund, Helen S. Lanier Endowment Fund, Isobel Anne Fraser–Nancy Fraser Parker Exhibition Endowment Fund, John H. Wilhelmina D. Harland Exhibition Endowment Fund, Katherine Murphy Riley Special Exhibition Endowment Fund, Margaretta Taylor Exhibition Fund, and the RJR Nabisco Exhibition Endowment Fund.
About the High Museum of Art
Located in the heart of Atlanta, the High Museum of Art connects with audiences from across the Southeast and around the world through its distinguished collection, dynamic schedule of special exhibitions and engaging community-focused programs. Housed within facilities designed by Pritzker Prize–winning architects Richard Meier and Renzo Piano, the High features a collection of more than 18,000 works of art, including an extensive anthology of 19th- and 20th-century American fine and decorative arts; major holdings of photography and folk and self-taught work, especially that of artists from the American South; burgeoning collections of modern and contemporary art, including paintings, sculpture, new media and design; a growing collection of African art, with work dating from prehistory through the present; and significant holdings of European paintings and works on paper. The High is dedicated to reflecting the diversity of its communities and offering a variety of exhibitions and educational programs that engage visitors with the world of art, the lives of artists and the creative process. For more information about the High, visit www.high.org.
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